There are different types of support problems. They are often called vaginal prolapse. They can involve loss of muscle support, loss of ligament support, or both.  Also different pelvic organs may protrude depending on where the support defects are located.

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The most important consideration for treatment is how much the symptoms bother you. Consequently, it is important to understand what symptoms are due to the support defects.

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Treatment is aimed at relieving bothersome symptoms. That means that the complexity of treatment should reflect how bothersome the problem is. A range of treatments are available:

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Expectant management: This is appropriate for women who don’t have symptoms or are not bothered by their symptoms. Sometimes minor symptoms will get worse with time, but they also may improve.

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Conservative management: There are a variety of conservative treatments available.  These pelvic muscle exercises and pessaries. Many women will find relief with conservative management, which is why it is usually recommended as a first step.

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Surgical management: Surgery is another choice for very bothersome symptoms, especially those that do not respond adequately to conservative treatments. The approach to surgery and its ability to cure symptoms depends on the nature of the symptoms, the location of support defects, and their severity.

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